英语非谓语动词常考的其它结构
1、疑问词+不定式结构
疑问词who,what,which,when,where和how后加不定式可构成一种特殊的不定式短语。它在句中可以用作主语、宾语、表语和双重宾语。
2、介词except和but作“只有…,只能…”讲时跟不定式结构(but与不带to的不定式连用)。
3、不带to的不定式
1)在表示生理感觉的动词后的不定式不带to。这类词有:feel , observe ,watch,listen to
Perceive,notice,see, look at, hear等
2)另一类是某些使役动词,如make, let,have等。
(注)①上述感觉动词与使役动词转换为被动结构时.其后的不定式一般需带to
②在动词find与help之后,不定式可带to亦可不带to
3)在do nothing/anything/everything but(except)结构中。
但是,如果谓语动词不是“do nothing,anything,everything”,那么but(except)所跟的不定式则仍须带。
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4、不定式与动名词的逻辑主语和分词独立结构
1)不定式的逻辑主语为:for +名词(或代词宾格)+ 不定式。
(注)在表示人物性格、特性等的形容词后面,常用of引出不定式的逻辑主语。
2)动名词的逻辑主语为;①人称代词的所有格+动名词;②名词's+动名词。
3)某些形容词,如:careless等不定式后可以加of来引导出其逻辑主语。这类词主要有:absurd, bold, brave, honest, careful, careless, clever, wise, foolish, silly, good, nice, rude等
题一:
The woman _____ my brother spoke to just now is my teacher.
A. / B. which
C. whom
D. that E. who
The woman to_____ my brother spoke just now is my teacher.
A. / B. which
C. whom
D. that E. who
答案:
ACDE;C
详解:_____my brother spoke to是定语从句,其先行词为woman。关系代词作介词to的宾语,因为to在关系代词之后,所以可选who/whom/that,而且who/whom/that可以省略。
详解:_____my brother spoke是定语从句,其先行词为woman。关系代词作介词to的宾语,因为to在关系代词之前,所以只能选whom而且不可以省略。
题二:
The man _____you shook hands with just now is our headmaster.
A. which B. whom
C. /
D. who
E. that
The man with _____ you shook hands just now is our headmaster.
A. which B. whom
C. /
D. who
E. that
答案:
BCDE;B
详解:_____you shook hands with just now是定语从句,其先行词为man。关系代词作介词with的宾语,因为with在关系代词之后,所以可选who/whom/that,而且who/whom/that可以省略。
详解:_____you shook hands just now是定语从句,其先行词为man。关系 代词作介词with的宾语,因为with在关系代词之前,所以只能选whom而且不可以省略。
题三:
I went to the company ________ my father worked ten years ago.
A. /
B. which C. where
D. that
I went to the company ________ my father visited ten years ago.
A. in which
B. where C. why D. which
答案:
C ;D
详解:________ my father worked ten years ago是定语从句,其先行词为company。从句中worked缺少地点状语,所以选where。
详解:________ my father visited ten years ago是定语从句,其先行词为company。从句中及物动词visited缺宾语,所以选which
。
题四:
The lazy boy is expecting a way ________ he can get through the exams without hard work.
A. which
B. in that
C. that
D. where
What do you think of the way to study English ________ he introduced to you?
A. whose
B. in which
C. whom
D. which
答案:
C;D
详解: way是先行词, 其后是定语从句。因为从句中缺少方式状语,所以应选that或in which。
详解:way是先行词, 其后是定语从句。因为从句中缺少宾语,所以应 选which。
